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5: Mammals which exhibits spontaneous stereotypes.

Spontaneous stereotypes is elicited by the housing conditions and is not induced experimentally, e.g. by the use of various pharmaceutica. They have been observed among several species and a selection of such can be seen in Table 4 below.

Tabel 4:

Zoo-/Pet animals	Laboratory animals	Farm animals	Wild animals
Am. Black bear	Some strains of mice	Sheep	Walrus ?
Dolphin ?	Dog	Pig	Polar bear
Dingo	Cat	Horse	Japanese Makak monkey ?
Squirrel	Bank vole	Cow	Killer whale ?
Elephant	South African striped mouse (Rhapdomys pumilio)	Mink
Dog
Polar bear
Leopard
Leopard cat
Mandrill
Okapi
Tiger
Vild dog

Note to Table 4: Species with a question mark (?) has been describes as stereotyping, but the rapports is questionable.

 

Certain species do not engage in spontaneous stereotypies, e.g. the far majority of the many strains of lab mice , rats and a common pet like the guinea pig.

The mammal species which has been most thoroughly investigated has been pigs and minks and among the birds, the vast majority of investigations has concerned chickens.  

Next topic: Conditions under which stereotypes can be provoked.