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4: Examples of various stereotypic activities.

 

Below is three tables showing a few examples of various types of stereotypies among Farm animals (Table 1), Zoo animals (Table 2) and Humans with various mental disorders (Table 3)

 

Table 1: Farm animals.

Pig	Horse	Calf	Mink	Sheep
Bar-biting	Biting the crib*	Sucking various objects	High Speed Jumping	Biting off/ingesting fur *
Pulling/biting Chains	Windsucking *	Roling the tongue	Backward somersaultings
Vacuum ("sham-") chewing	Wall-kicking*	Exaggerated cleansing of fur*	Pacing
Polydipsia	Weaving *	Rolling the eyes	Noddings with head
Rooting in empty trough	Bobbing with head *		Running to and fro the nest area
	Polydipsia *

Note to Table 1: Horses bites the crib ("Cribbing") by placing the upper-teeth on the crib; pulls back the head - sucks wind down the lungs and exerts a gulping sound. "Windsucking" is almost the same as cribbing, but the horse does not place the teeth against any object. "Weaving" is when a horse is keeping the hind-part still and sways slightly from side to side in the front part, shifting the weight from one front leg to the other, sometimes lifting them up when the weight is on the other leg. Bears and elephants can do the same type of stereotypies (Table 2).

Table 2: Zoo animals.

Bear	Elephant	Chimpanzee
Weaving	Weaving	Rocking from side to side with self-clingings
Head swings	Head swings
Pacing

Table 3: Humans with mental disorders.

Autistic children	Neurotics	Schizophrenics	Mentalt retards
Self-biting *	Repeated washing of hands	Twitch in face, "tics", "mannerisms" etc.	Rocking from side to side
Poking fingers in own eyes *	Compulsive actions *	Compulsive actions *
Playing the same games over and over again
Arm movements

Note to table 1 and 3: "*" can lead to self-mutilations.

Next topic: Mammals which exhibits spontaneous stereotypes.